Owners of the popular Xiaomi M365 Pro 2 (often referred to as simply 1S) often face software limitations that prevent them from unlocking the full potential of the device. Factory firmware can limit top speed, reduce reclamation efficiency, or block access to hidden controller settings, which is especially important for users using transport in different climate zones.
Before you start any software manipulation, you need to be aware of the risks. Any interference with the BMS (Battery Management System) or the main controller can theoretically lead to a loss of warranty. It is important to understand that you act at your own risk, and the stability of the device after the modification depends on the accuracy of the instructions and the quality of the equipment used for the connection.
In this article, we will take a look at all the preparation steps, the tools you need, and the process of updating your firmware. We will look at both the official methods through the mobile application, and more advanced methods using specialized PC software that will give you complete control over your electric vehicle.
⚠️ Warning: Before starting work, make sure that the battery is at least 60% charged. Interrupting the data writing process at low charge can lead to irreversible damage to the controller, after which the scooter will cease to respond to commands.
Tools and equipment preparation required
To successfully perform the procedure, you will need a specific set of equipment that will provide a stable connection between the computer and the electronics of the scooter. V2 or its analogues compatible with the protocol SWD, which is used for debugging microcontrollers STM32, Xiaomi, without this device, you can connect directly to the board. BMS It is not possible because the standard USB-Ports do not have the necessary contacts.
You'll also need quality crocodile-clamp wires or a soldering iron to temporarily connect to contact areas on the board.The Xiaomi M365 Pro 2 has a sealed body, so you'll have to dismantle the platform and unscrew the protective casings to access the insides.Be sure to prepare isopropyl alcohol and antistatic gloves to avoid contamination of contacts and static electricity damage to sensitive electronics.
On the computer side, you need to install debugger drivers and specialized software such as Xiaomi Flasher or DownG. These ulites allow you to download firmware dumps, read the current version of the software and write new binary files directly to the controller memory. Make sure that antivirus software does not block the debugger drivers, as they work at a low level of access to the system.
- 🔌 Adapter ST-Link V2 (original or quality copy) for connection to the board.
- 💻 Laptop or PC with Windows operating system and drivers installed.
- 🔧 A set of screwdrivers and plastic blades for a careful opening of the body.
- 🔋 Power Bank or External Power Source 12V-30V in case of discharge of the main battery.
Special attention should be paid to choosing the source of the firmware. download files only from trusted repositories or official sources to avoid installing malicious code or unstable versions that can cause the engine to overheat. Using modified firmware from an unknown developer can cause the battery to burn due to incorrect charging algorithms.
Dismantling and access to BMS control board
The process of physically accessing electronics requires precision and consistency. Start by disconnecting the scooter from the charger and completely turning off the power button on the case. Turn the vehicle over and unscrew all visible screws on the bottom deck, then carefully remove the rubber platform, trying not to damage the speed sensor plumes if they are laid in the area.
Next, you need to access the bottom hatch of the battery, where the BMS board is located. In the Xiaomi 1S model, this unit is protected by an additional casing and sealant. Carefully remove the sealing mass if it interferes with access to contact pins, and find a programming connector. It is usually marked as SWDIO, SWCLK, GND and 3.3V (or VCC).
⚠️ Attention: Do not close the contacts GND and VCC The debugger power may not be sufficient to run the entire system, so it often requires an external power connection to the main battery socket in parallel with the debugger.
If you don’t plan to reflash the device often, you can use tweezers or thin probes to hold them against the contacts during the procedure, but to ensure a stable connection, you should temporarily solder the wires or use special pogo-pin connectors designed specifically for the Xiaomi M365.
☑️ Checking before connection
Firmware process via PC and ST-Link
Once the hardware is ready, you can go to the software part. Run the firmware utility on your computer and connect the ST-Link adapter to the computer. USB-Device Manager should have new hardware installed, if the drivers are installed correctly, the program will show the connection status. Press Connect or Connect to communicate with the scooter controller.
In the program window, you'll see the current firmware version and battery status. Select the new firmware file (usually with the.bin extension) that you preloaded. It's important to choose the correct write option: Full Chip Erase & Program mode is used to replace the software completely, and Write mode is used to update only the parameters. Be extremely careful when choosing the mode, since a full cleanup will remove all factory calibrations.
The command to check the connection (example in the CLI utility):
stm32flash -p dtr:low,rtshigh -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0Start the firmware process by pressing the appropriate button. The progress indicator will show the recording status of memory sectors. At this time, it is strictly forbidden to move wires or interrupt power. If the process is stuck at a certain percentage, check the reliability of the GND and SWDIO wires contact, which is the most common cause of errors.